Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on the Apoptosis Index and the Number of Antral Ovarian Follicles in Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v13i2.1172Keywords:
antral follicles, apoptosis index, cigarette smoke, EVOOAbstract
Infertility is a global problem. Risk factors for infertility are cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke contains harmful substances that can have adverse effects on follicle development. Oxidative stress due to cigarette smoke can activate proinflammatory cytokines in ovarian blood. Alternative natural treatments are needed that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Extra virgin olive oil is pure oil from olives rich in antioxidants. Its polyphenol content has been proven to be high in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aims to determine the effect of extra virgin olive oil on the apoptosis index and the number of antral ovarian follicles in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. The design of this study was a true experiment with a post-test-only control group design. The experimental animals used white mice aged 2-3 months, weighing 150-250 grams.
References
Arnson, Y. Shoenfeld, Y and Amital, H. (2010). Effect of Tobacco Smoke on Immunity, Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity.34:258-265.
Budani, M. A. and Tiboni, G.M., (2020). Ovotoxicity of cigarette smoke: A systematic review of the literature. Reproduction Toxicology. 72:164.
Dechanet, C. Anahory, T. Mathieu, Daude, J. C, Quantin, X. Reyftman, L. Hamamah, S, Hedon, B. Dechaud, H. (2010). Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On Reproduction. Human Reproduction Update. 17 (1): 76-95.
Dewi, S. (2012). Farmakokinetik. Dilihat tanggal 14 Juli 2024. http://shintarosalia.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/11/SRDtoxico2farmakokinetik1.pdf.
Eriksen, M. Mackay, J. Schluger, N. Gomeshtapeh. F.I and Drope, Jeffrey. (2015). The Tobacco Atlas. Fifth edition of Chapter 08: Consumtion. The American Cancer Siciety, Inc. USA. P.30-31.
Ghanbari, R. Anwar, F. Alkharfy, K.M. Gilani A.H. Saari, N. (2012). Valuable Nutrients and Functional Bioactives in Different Parts of Olive (Olea europaea L.) : a review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13: 3291-3340.
Hashmi, M.A. Khan, A. Hanif, M. Farooq, U. dan Perveen, S. (2015). Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Olea eurapaea (Olive). Hindawi.
Kala, M. Shaikh, V.M. Nivsarkar, M. (2017). Equilibrium between Anti-Oxidant and Reactive Oxygen Species: a requisite for oocyte development and maturation. Reproductive Medicine and Biology. 16(1): 28-35.
Kusmirah, E, (2014). Infertilitas di Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja dan Wanita. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Lai, Q., Chen, C., Zhang, Z., Zhang, S., Yu, Q., Yang, P., et al. (2013). The significance of antral follicle siza prior to stimulation in predicting ovarian response in a multiple dose GnRH antagonist protocol. Int J Clin Exp Pathol: 6(2): 258-266.
Lazar, L. (2012). The Role of Oxidative Stress in Female Reproduction and Pregnancy. Departemen of Obstetric and Gynecology, Semmelweis University Budapest. Hungaray.
Lundberg, F.E., Johansson A.L.V., Rodriguez, W.K., Brand, J.S., Czene, K., Hall, P., et al. (2016). Association of infertility and fertility treatment with mammographic density in a large screening-based cohort of women: a cross-sectional study. Breast cancer Research, 18: 36.
Martinez, O.G. Bertos, E.D.L. Torrecillas, J.R. Ruiz, C. Milia, E. Lorenzo, M.L. Jimenez, B. Ortiz, A.S. Rivas, A. (2016). Phenolic Compounds in Extra Virgin Olive Oil Stimulate Human Osteoblastic Cell Proliferation. Plos One 11(3): e0150045. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0150045.
Mascarenhas, M.N, Falxman SR, Boerma T, Vanderpoel S, Stevens GA. (2012). National, Regioanal, and Global Infertility Trends Since 1990: Systematic Analysis of 277 Health Surveys. PLoS Med. 9 (12):e1001356.
Mcllwain, R.D, Berger, T., Mak, W.T. (2013). Caspase Function In Cell Death and Disease, Cold Spring Harb Perspect in Biology. 5.a008656.
Nordqvist, C. Infertility: Causes, Diagnosis, Risks, Treatments. Medical News Today. Available from www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165748.php. Downloaded 12 Agustus 2024.
POGI H.,PERFITRI, IAUI. (2013). Konsensus Penanganan Infertilitas. Jakarta. Available from www.pogi.or.id. Downloaded 12 Agustus 2024.
Sobinoff, A.P., Beckett E.L., Jamicki, A.G., Sutherland, J.M., McCluskey A, Hansbro, P.M., McLaughlin, E.A., (2013). Scrambled and Fried: Cigarette Smoke Exposure Cause Antral Follicle Destruction and Oocyte Dysfunction Trhough Oxidative Stress. Toxiology and Applied Pharmacology.271: 156-167.
Sanchez, F. Fidalgo, S. Qullez, A. (2011). Influence of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Diet Enriched
with Hydroxytirosol in a Chronic DSS Colitis Model. European Journal of Nutrition.