The Relationship Between Knowledge And Attitude Towards The Preventive Behaviors For The Covid-19 Transmission In Pregnant Mothers At “Rini K” Independent Midwifery Practice (PMB), Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, 2021

In 2020, the world was shocked by the coronavirus outbreak that infected nearly all countries in the world. The Covid-19 pandemic threatens all people, including pregnant mothers. Even though most of the multicenter data had mentioned that the case in pregnant mothers was categorized mild and moderate, it still can result in mortality. The pregnant mothers’ knowledge and attitude towards Covid -19 transmission prevention are still categorized as poor so pregnant mothers need to know about preventing Covid-19 transmission. This study aimed to know the relationship between knowledge and attitude towards the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission in pregnant mothers. This study used a cross-sectional approach. The samples were 73 1st trimester pregnant mothers as the respondents. The data collection was done using a questionnaire that passed the validity and reliability test. Respondents who behaved well 51 (69.9%), had good knowledge 40 (54.8%) and who had a positive attitude 30 (41.1%) and a p value of 0.05 on the knowledge and attitude variables

; 2614-350X (online) Vol.10 No.2 November 2021Page. 1480-1486 from being infected with the Covid-19. Good knowledge in pregnant mothers is strongly related to a good attitude and behavior in dealing with daily activities.

METHODS
This study used a descriptive quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The investigated variables included the independent variables (knowledge and attitude), confounding variables (age, education, employment status, parity, and source of information), and the dependent variables (the preventive behaviors for the . The type of this design had several strong points, namely easy, simple and economic from the aspect of time and cost.  Table 1, it can be known that out of 73 respondents involved in this study, the majority of the respondents had good behavior, good knowledge, negative attitude, high education and were at reproductive age and unemployed; they also obtained information from media. indicating that there is a relationship between those variables and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021.

DISCUSSION
Someone's age can affect the person's mindset. Healthy and productive age pregnant women can think more rationale and have enthusiasm and motivation in pregnancy examination as well as lessen the anxiety against the risk of being exposed to the Covid-19infection (Qomar, 2020). This study showed that there was no relationship between age and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This study is in line with a study conducted by Sari, et al (2020), stating that there is no relationship between age and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. Nonetheless, this study is not in line with a study conducted by Afrianti (2021), in which the p-value of 0.00 or < 0.05 indicates the relationship between age and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors.
Education is one of the internal factors affecting someone's knowledge level; the higher someone's education level, the higher his/her knowledge level. The high education level of someone will ease him/her to access information on a certain issue (Afriati, 2021). The result of the study showed that there was a relationship between education and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This study is in line with a study conducted by Afrianti (2021), stating that there is a relationship between education level and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. However, this result is not in line with a study conducted by Wulandari (2020), stating that there is no relationship between education and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors.
Working is the activity performed by the respondents to get income in fulfilling the necessities of life. Occupation is an important social aspect and one of the best indicators to know someone's lifestyle. The risky occupation that tends to gather with other people allows the Covid-19 transmission to happen (Suharmanto, 2020). The result of this study stated that there was no relationship between employment status and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This study is in line with a study conducted by Sari, et al., (2020), stating that there is no relationship between employment status and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. Supporting the statement, Afrianti (2021) also proved that there is no relationship between employment status and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. However, this study is not in line with a study conducted by Suharmanto (2020), stating that there is a significant relationship between employment status and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors.
Both primigravida and multigravida tend to cause a drastic change in both physical and psychological matters. Pregnant mothers with poor knowledge in a pandemic situation will feel worried about the fetal condition and themselves. Besides, pregnant mothers have additional dilemmatic conditions regarding the Covid-19 infection transmission in healthcare services in both hospitals and Independent Midwifery Practices so that it requires professional ANC services (Qomar, 2020). The result of this study stated that there was no relationship between parity and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This study is in line with a study conducted by Qomar (2020), stating that there is no relationship between parity and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors.5 According to researchers, both primigravida and multigravida did not affect the pregnant mothers' behavior in preventing the Covid-19 transmission.
The information collected from several sources will affect someone's knowledge level; if someone gains much information, she/he tends to have a broad knowledge. A good source of information that is relevant to the pregnant mothers' expectations can increase the pregnant mothers' decision-making directly and indirectly, and vice versa (Amelia, 2017). This study showed that there is no relationship between the source of information and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This result is in line with a study conducted by Amelia (2017), stating that there is no relationship between the source of information and the pregnant mothers behavior.10 However, this result is not consistent with the study conducted by Ghiffari (2020), proving that there is a relationship between the source of information and compliance with health protocols.
Knowledge is the essential factor that can affect behavioral changes. Good knowledge can be supported by the acceptance of the information spread in society about the Covid-19 Someone that has known certain information will be able to determine and make decisions of what to do. In other words, when someone has information, he/she will be able to determine how to behave towards the Covid-19 The result of this study stated that there was a relationship between knowledge and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. This study is in line with a study conducted by Purnamasari (2020), stating that there is a relationship between knowledge and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. In the study by Afrianti (2021), it was proved that there is a relationship between knowledge and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. Supporting the statement, the study by Hardianti also proved that there was a relationship between knowledge and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors in pregnant mothers. Nevertheless, this result is not in line with a study conducted by Tazkiah (2020), stating that there is no relationship between knowledge and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission.
Attitude is a predisposing factor in someone to do a certain behavior. In preventing a disease, attitude is one of the factors affecting someone in preventing the transmission of a disease because the disease preventive efforts are certainly correlated with attitude; hence attitude becomes of one the supporting factors in disease preventive behavior (Hendra, 2008) In this study, it was known that there was a relationship between attitude and the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission at the "Rini K" PMB, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta in 2021. Supporting the statement, Afrianti (2021) also proved that there was a relationship between attitude and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. However, this study is not in line with a study conducted by Sari, et al., (2020), that the study collected a result showing that there was no relationship between attitude and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. This study is also not in line with a study conducted by Dewi, et al., (2020), stating that there is no relationship between attitude and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors. Similarly, a study by Tazkiah (2020) proved that there was no relationship between attitude and the Covid-19 preventive behaviors.

CONCLUSION
Based on the result of this study, the majority of the respondents have good behavior and knowledge, but most of them have a negative attitude. Besides, out of 7 investigated variables, 3 of them (knowledge, attitude, and education) are correlated with the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission, and 4 variables (age, employment status, parity, and source of information) are not correlated with the preventive behaviors for the Covid-19 transmission in pregnant mothers at the "Rini K" PMB.